1. Passage Reading
2. Verbal Logic
3. Non Verbal Logic
4. Numerical Logic
5. Data Interpretation
6. Reasoning
7. Analytical Ability
8. Quantitative Aptitude
Analytical Ability
171. Answer: C
This is a strengthen question. The argument claims that, because of the evidence in a
burial site, both the conquering Egyptians and the conquered Nubians shared in the
ruling of Nubia. The argument assumes that all of the evidence from the burial site
stems from an era after Egypt conquered Nubia. If some of the evidence predated that
time, the fact that some people were buried according to Nubian tradition would not say
anything about who ruled the region after Egypt took over. Consider each choice,
looking for one that strengthens that assumption:
(A) This choice doesn't have to do with the burial of Egyptians or Nubians, so it is
outside of the scope.
(B) This choice is also outside of scope, as it has to do with burials in Egypt, where the
local culture and the ruling culture were (as far as we know from the passage) the
same.
(C) This is correct. This confirms the assumption that the evidence from the burial site
pertains to the period after Egypt took over, solidifying the claim that Nubians had some
control over burial practices even after the area was conquered.
(D) The number of people buried at the site is unimportant; the focus is on the burial
practices used.
172. Answer: B
This is a weaken question. The argument makes a rather odd claim. Much of the
passage concerns the benefits of municipal bonds, including a suggesting that
Northopolis issue such a bond. Then the conclusion is that the city will pay for new
school buildings with tax revenues. Money from bond issues is not the same thing, so
it's unclear what one has to do with the other. To weaken the argument, that distinction--
the assumption that issuing a bond will somehow increase tax revenues--must be made
clear. Consider each choice:
(A) This is irrelevant, as it doesn't address either the bond issue or the effect of
"reluctance" on tax revenues.
(B) This is correct. It relates the existence of the proposed bond issue to tax revenues,
which would decrease as a result of the bond issue.
(C) This is irrelevant, as it doesn't address tax revenues.
(D) Again, this choice is irrelevant; the cost of the buildings is not what the conclusion of
the argument is about.
173. Answer: B
This is a weaken question. The experts' proposal involves expanding opportunities for
women so that affected women will have fewer children, thus limiting the size of the
population peak that the same experts have predicted. We're looking for a choice that
suggests that the proposal will not limit the size of the peak or cause it to occur earlier.
Consider each one:
(A) This is irrelevant. If the proposal 20 years ago was not followed (and we don't know
whether it was or not) the fact that it was made doesn't tell us whether it would be
effective or not today.
(B) This is correct. The proposal is based on the assumption that greater opportunities
could be arranged for women in developing countries. If the maximum possible
opportunities are already present, and have been built into the prediction, the proposal
will not bring about any changes in the population peak.
(C) The argument is concerned primarily with developing countries, not industrialized
countries.
(D) It doesn't matter whether the goal is desirable; the question is concerned with
whether the goal will be attained.
174. Answer: D
This is an explanation question. The apparent paradox is that, while the price of rice
effectively declined, rice consumption also declined. Consider each choice in turn,
looking for a reason why this might occur:
(A) This doesn't tell us anything about the effect of the coupons.
(B) The amount of fluctuation is outside the scope; we're concerned with the
effect of lowering the price of rice.
(C) That the average consumption of rice declined is not important; the study
described in the passage included a control group, to which the households
given coupons were compared.
(D) This is correct. If these families had money to purchase preferable rice
substitutes, they may have increased or kept constant their consumption of rice
and rice substitutes, but shifted some of their consumption from rice to
substitutes because of the coupons.
175. Answer: D
This is an evidence question, only with an atypical format for the answer choices. Each
one is simply a statement; it doesn't begin with "Whether." The argument hinges on the
difference between students at rural and suburban schools and those at urban schools.
The result mentioned in the question is that the difference between those two groups of
students, in terms of driving under the influence, is explained by the distances between
housing and sources of liquor. We're looking for a choice that would either strengthen or
weaken that claim. Consider each choice in turn:
(A) If we knew that "all" students didn't purchase alcohol from these sources, this might
cast some doubt on the claim, but "many" leaves an awful lot to be desired. It doesn't
directly affect the argument.
(B) This is a different comparison--students vs. non-students. We need a choice that
focuses on the comparison drawn in the passage.
(C) Enrollment doesn't matter, since the argument is phrased in terms of likelihood that
a certain student would drive under the influence, not the absolute number of students.
(D) This is correct. The conclusion was drawn based on police records. If this choice is
true, students driving under the influence near rural and suburban universities are more
likely to be caught doing so (and thus appear in police records) than their counterparts
at urban universities.
176. Answer: A
This is an "evaluate the argument" question. In a sense, we're looking for an
assumption, just in a different format that in assumption questions. This argument
claims that, because U.S. cities are not bicycle-friendly, U.S. cities cannot implement
European-style bicycle sharing programs. Each choice has two possible outcomes
("whether" it is the case, or it is not the case), so we're looking for a choice in which one
of the outcomes would have an impact on the argument. Consider each in turn:
(A) This is correct. If an increase in the number of bicyclists could change attitudes
toward bicyclists, a bicycle-sharing program may well solve the problem suggested in
the argument.
(B) This is not important; it doesn't matter if people (car-drivers or not) can operate
bicycles if cities are too hostile to bicyclists.
(C) This is outside the scope. The problem described in the passage is not the lack of
bicycle lanes, it is the culture of U.S. cities.
(D) As with (B), this is not relevant, since it doesn't address the issue of hostility to
bicyclists.
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