Passage Reading and English Comprehension

A tic is a repeated, impulsive action, reflexive in nature, which the actor feels powerless to control or avoid. Only when the individual performs the tic, is tension and anxiety released within the individual with a tic disorder. Tics can be triggered by an emotional state or sensation, or can happen for no obvious reason. General types of tics include verbal tics, facial tics, and other muscular tics. Physical and psychological therapy and medication can cause tics to go away, often permanently. Muscular tics look something like twitches or quick grimaces, and often affect the eyes and hands. Muscular tics can affect multiple muscles at once. Some forms of stuttering are caused by muscular tics in the throat, tongue, or vocal cords when speaking or preparing to speak.

851. According to the reading, tics

	(a) are nothing to be fearful of
	(b) are not voluntary movements and they can't be consciously controlled
	(c) can be stopped voluntarily for brief periods
	(d) do not need particular treatment

852. As it is pointed out in the passage

	(a) there is usually no need to see the health care provider for a tic
	(b) a tic can involve only one muscle at a time
	(c) people with tics often feel relief after the tic is over
	(d) drugs used to treat tics have a low rate of success

853. One can infer from the passage that

	(a) anxiety can be a side effect of medication to treat tics
	(b) the cause may be harder to detect in the case of a facial tic
	(c) most tics are mild and hardly noticeable
	(d) psychological support may be helpful for those with tics

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